phrase, clause and sentence

Phrase is a group of words that have meaning, but not perfect (not like the phrase) in the absence of subject and verb. There are several kinds of phrases, namely:

    Noun Phrase, is a phrase that essentially exist on nouns. Can be adjective + noun, or can also be a noun + noun
Example:· He is an extremely fast runner.· I will send this bouquet of roses to my fiancee.

    Adjective Phrase., Is a phrase that essentially exist on the adjective. Can be + adjective adverb
Example:· The substance in this bottle is extremely toxic.· My sister's room is full of dolls.

    Phrase adverb, is a phrase that essentially exist on the adverb. can be an adverb + adverb
Example:· She runs very Quickly.· The thief disappeared into the woods extremely fast.

    Verb Phrase, Phrase which is essentially exists in the verb. Usually in the form of different verb forms, verb and auxiliary verb ordinary.
The forms of the verb phrase, such as:· Be + verb-ing/verb3· Has / have / had + verb3· Has / have / had + been + verb-ing/verb3· Capital + verb1· Modal + be + verb-ing/verb3· Modal + have + verb3· Modal + have + been + verb-ing/verb, etc..
Example:· I am typing this comment.· Andi has passed the exam

    Propositional Phrase, is a phrase that usually are characterized prepositionnya
Example:· The thief disappeared into the woods extremely fast. (Adv. of place)· The food on the table looked delicious. (Adv. of place)

Clause
Clause (clause) is a series / group of words which at least has a subject and a predicate. Clause is generally preceded by a relative pronoun, but the relative pronoun is often omitted. Besides preceded by a relative pronoun, clause can also be preceded by a conjunction.
Based on the function, the dependent clause (also called subordinate clause) can be distinguished: noun clause, adjective clause, and the adverb clause
1. Noun Clause, which functioned as a noun clause.Example:· I love how you love me.· It is important that we help one another.
2. Adjective Clause (or relative clause) is a clause used as an adjective. There are two types of adjective clause, namely: restrictive clause and a non-restrictive clause.Examples of restrictive clause:· The mother who is breast-feeding her baby over there is running out of money.· I think the girl who called you likes you.Examples of non-restrictive clause:· Robby, roomates is my dog, is very big.· Mr. Smith, who is the English teacher, is from Canada.
3. Adverb clause, which functioned as an adverb clause.Example:· My grandparents looked after me until I was 6 years old.· She has been going out with him since they met three years ago.
 

Sentence
A. Understanding Sentence
Sentence or phrase is a group of words that connote teersusun and consisting of subject and predicate. The subject refers to the person, object, or concept that becomes a moot point, while the predicate denotes action, event, process, or state.
B. Various Kinds of Sentence
In English sentences can be divided for longer by type and function. Examples such as: Simple Sentence, Compound Sentence, Complex Sentence, Compound Sentence Complex, and so forth.
1. Simple Sentence
    Simple Sentence is a sentence that consists of only one object and a predicate.

     Example:
     Iwan likes coffee.
2. Compound Sentence
    Compound Sentence is a sentence composed of duan or Simple Sentence.

    Example:
    Anggi likes ice cream but Yosho likes coffee.
3. Complex Sentence
    Complex Sentence is a sentence that consists of one main clause (main clause) and one or more
    clause (subordinate clause)

    Example:
    She called me while i was having dinner.
4. Compound sentence Complex
    Compound Complex Sentence is a sentence consisting of two or more main clause (main
    clause) and one or more subordinate clauses (subordinate clause).

    Example:
    Sarah said that she would go home but she never found time.
   When the mail came, it was given at once to the secretary, but she did not examine it.
   One of the most important features of effective style in writing is varierty,

Source:
http://zavick.wordpress.com/ilmu-pengetahuan/grammar/phrase/http://kuliahvivi.blogspot.com/2010/11/phrase-vs-clause.htmlhttp://tatamitha.blogspot.com/2011/05/sentence-kalimat.html